View framebuffers

Cargo.lock

@@ -427,6 +427,12 @@ version = "1.4.0"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "ace50bade8e6234aa140d9a2f552bbee1db4d353f69b8217bc503490fc1a9f26"
 
+[[package]]
+name = "az"
+version = "1.2.1"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "7b7e4c2464d97fe331d41de9d5db0def0a96f4d823b8b32a2efd503578988973"
+
 [[package]]
 name = "backtrace"
 version = "0.3.74"
@@ -451,7 +457,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "bitflags 2.6.0",
  "cexpr",
  "clang-sys",
- "itertools",
+ "itertools 0.13.0",
  "proc-macro2",
  "quote",
  "regex",
@@ -834,6 +840,12 @@ version = "0.8.21"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "d0a5c400df2834b80a4c3327b3aad3a4c4cd4de0629063962b03235697506a28"
 
+[[package]]
+name = "crunchy"
+version = "0.2.3"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "43da5946c66ffcc7745f48db692ffbb10a83bfe0afd96235c5c2a4fb23994929"
+
 [[package]]
 name = "cursor-icon"
 version = "1.1.0"
@@ -1166,6 +1178,19 @@ dependencies = [
  "simd-adler32",
 ]
 
+[[package]]
+name = "fixed"
+version = "1.28.0"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "85c6e0b89bf864acd20590dbdbad56f69aeb898abfc9443008fd7bd48b2cc85a"
+dependencies = [
+ "az",
+ "bytemuck",
+ "half",
+ "num-traits",
+ "typenum",
+]
+
 [[package]]
 name = "flate2"
 version = "1.0.35"
@@ -1443,6 +1468,16 @@ dependencies = [
  "bitflags 2.6.0",
 ]
 
+[[package]]
+name = "half"
+version = "2.4.1"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "6dd08c532ae367adf81c312a4580bc67f1d0fe8bc9c460520283f4c0ff277888"
+dependencies = [
+ "cfg-if",
+ "crunchy",
+]
+
 [[package]]
 name = "hashbrown"
 version = "0.15.2"
@@ -1691,6 +1726,15 @@ dependencies = [
  "either",
 ]
 
+[[package]]
+name = "itertools"
+version = "0.14.0"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "2b192c782037fadd9cfa75548310488aabdbf3d2da73885b31bd0abd03351285"
+dependencies = [
+ "either",
+]
+
 [[package]]
 name = "itoa"
 version = "1.0.14"
@@ -1779,10 +1823,11 @@ dependencies = [
  "egui-wgpu",
  "egui-winit",
  "egui_extras",
+ "fixed",
  "gilrs",
  "hex",
  "image",
- "itertools",
+ "itertools 0.14.0",
  "num-derive",
  "num-traits",
  "oneshot",
@@ -3372,6 +3417,12 @@ dependencies = [
  "rustc-hash",
 ]
 
+[[package]]
+name = "typenum"
+version = "1.17.0"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "42ff0bf0c66b8238c6f3b578df37d0b7848e55df8577b3f74f92a69acceeb825"
+
 [[package]]
 name = "uds_windows"
 version = "1.1.0"

Cargo.toml

@@ -21,10 +21,11 @@ egui_extras = { version = "0.30", features = ["image"] }
 egui-toast = { git = "https://github.com/urholaukkarinen/egui-toast.git", rev = "d0bcf97" }
 egui-winit = "0.30"
 egui-wgpu = { version = "0.30", features = ["winit"] }
+fixed = { version = "1.28", features = ["num-traits"] }
 gilrs = { version = "0.11", features = ["serde-serialize"] }
 hex = "0.4"
 image = { version = "0.25", default-features = false, features = ["png"] }
-itertools = "0.13"
+itertools = "0.14"
 num-derive = "0.4"
 num-traits = "0.2"
 oneshot = "0.1"

src/app.rs

@@ -22,8 +22,8 @@ use crate::{
     persistence::Persistence,
     vram::VramProcessor,
     window::{
-        AboutWindow, AppWindow, BgMapWindow, CharacterDataWindow, GameWindow, GdbServerWindow,
+        AboutWindow, AppWindow, BgMapWindow, CharacterDataWindow, FrameBufferWindow, GameWindow,
-        InputWindow, ObjectWindow, WorldWindow,
+        GdbServerWindow, InputWindow, ObjectWindow, WorldWindow,
     },
 };
 
@@ -229,6 +229,10 @@ impl ApplicationHandler<UserEvent> for Application {
                 let world = WorldWindow::new(sim_id, &self.memory, &mut self.vram);
                 self.open(event_loop, Box::new(world));
             }
+            UserEvent::OpenFrameBuffers(sim_id) => {
+                let world = FrameBufferWindow::new(sim_id, &self.memory, &mut self.vram);
+                self.open(event_loop, Box::new(world));
+            }
             UserEvent::OpenDebugger(sim_id) => {
                 let debugger =
                     GdbServerWindow::new(sim_id, self.client.clone(), self.proxy.clone());
@@ -491,6 +495,7 @@ pub enum UserEvent {
     OpenBgMap(SimId),
     OpenObjects(SimId),
     OpenWorlds(SimId),
+    OpenFrameBuffers(SimId),
     OpenDebugger(SimId),
     OpenInput,
     OpenPlayer2,

src/memory.rs

@@ -238,11 +238,10 @@ impl MemoryRegion {
     }
 
     pub fn update(&self, data: &[u8]) {
-        let gens: Vec<u64> = self
+        let gens = self
             .gens
-            .iter()
+            .each_ref()
-            .map(|i| i.load(std::sync::atomic::Ordering::Acquire))
+            .map(|i| i.load(std::sync::atomic::Ordering::Acquire));
-            .collect();
         let next_gen = gens.iter().max().unwrap() + 1;
         let indices = gens
             .into_iter()

src/window.rs

@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ use egui::{Context, ViewportBuilder, ViewportId};
 pub use game::GameWindow;
 pub use gdb::GdbServerWindow;
 pub use input::InputWindow;
-pub use vram::{BgMapWindow, CharacterDataWindow, ObjectWindow, WorldWindow};
+pub use vram::{BgMapWindow, CharacterDataWindow, FrameBufferWindow, ObjectWindow, WorldWindow};
 use winit::event::KeyEvent;
 
 use crate::emulator::SimId;

src/window/game.rs

@@ -156,6 +156,12 @@ impl GameWindow {
                     .unwrap();
                 ui.close_menu();
             }
+            if ui.button("Frame Buffers").clicked() {
+                self.proxy
+                    .send_event(UserEvent::OpenFrameBuffers(self.sim_id))
+                    .unwrap();
+                ui.close_menu();
+            }
         });
         ui.menu_button("Help", |ui| {
             if ui.button("About").clicked() {

src/window/utils.rs

@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ use egui::{
     Response, RichText, Rounding, Sense, Shape, Stroke, TextEdit, Ui, UiBuilder, Vec2, Widget,
     WidgetText,
 };
-use num_traits::PrimInt;
+use num_traits::{CheckedAdd, CheckedSub, One};
 
 pub trait UiExt {
     fn section(&mut self, title: impl Into<String>, add_contents: impl FnOnce(&mut Ui));
@@ -97,12 +97,20 @@ enum Direction {
     Down,
 }
 
-pub trait Number: PrimInt + Display + FromStr + Send + Sync + 'static {}
+pub trait Number:
-impl<T: PrimInt + Display + FromStr + Send + Sync + 'static> Number for T {}
+    Copy + One + CheckedAdd + CheckedSub + Eq + Ord + Display + FromStr + Send + Sync + 'static
+{
+}
+impl<
+        T: Copy + One + CheckedAdd + CheckedSub + Eq + Ord + Display + FromStr + Send + Sync + 'static,
+    > Number for T
+{
+}
 
 pub struct NumberEdit<'a, T: Number> {
     value: &'a mut T,
     increment: T,
+    precision: usize,
     min: Option<T>,
     max: Option<T>,
 }
@@ -112,11 +120,16 @@ impl<'a, T: Number> NumberEdit<'a, T> {
         Self {
             value,
             increment: T::one(),
+            precision: 3,
             min: None,
             max: None,
         }
     }
 
+    pub fn precision(self, precision: usize) -> Self {
+        Self { precision, ..self }
+    }
+
     pub fn range(self, range: impl RangeBounds<T>) -> Self {
         let min = match range.start_bound() {
             Bound::Unbounded => None,
@@ -135,18 +148,19 @@ impl<'a, T: Number> NumberEdit<'a, T> {
 impl<T: Number> Widget for NumberEdit<'_, T> {
     fn ui(self, ui: &mut Ui) -> Response {
         let id = ui.id();
+        let to_string = |val: &T| format!("{val:.0$}", self.precision);
 
         let (last_value, mut str, focus) = ui.memory(|m| {
             let (lv, s) = m
                 .data
                 .get_temp(id)
-                .unwrap_or((*self.value, self.value.to_string()));
+                .unwrap_or((*self.value, to_string(self.value)));
             let focus = m.has_focus(id);
             (lv, s, focus)
         });
         let mut stale = false;
         if *self.value != last_value {
-            str = self.value.to_string();
+            str = to_string(self.value);
             stale = true;
         }
         let valid = str.parse().is_ok_and(|v: T| v == *self.value);
@@ -236,7 +250,7 @@ impl<T: Number> Widget for NumberEdit<'_, T> {
             if let Some(new_value) = value.filter(in_range) {
                 *self.value = new_value;
             }
-            str = self.value.to_string();
+            str = to_string(self.value);
             stale = true;
         } else if res.changed {
             if let Some(new_value) = str.parse().ok().filter(in_range) {

src/window/vram.rs

@@ -1,10 +1,12 @@
 mod bgmap;
 mod chardata;
+mod framebuffer;
 mod object;
 mod utils;
 mod world;
 
 pub use bgmap::*;
 pub use chardata::*;
+pub use framebuffer::*;
 pub use object::*;
 pub use world::*;

src/window/vram/framebuffer.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,267 @@
+use std::sync::Arc;
+
+use egui::{
+    Align, CentralPanel, Color32, Context, Image, ScrollArea, Slider, TextEdit, TextureOptions, Ui,
+    ViewportBuilder, ViewportId,
+};
+use egui_extras::{Column, Size, StripBuilder, TableBuilder};
+
+use crate::{
+    emulator::SimId,
+    memory::{MemoryClient, MemoryView},
+    vram::{VramImage, VramParams, VramProcessor, VramRenderer, VramTextureLoader},
+    window::{
+        utils::{NumberEdit, UiExt as _},
+        AppWindow,
+    },
+};
+
+use super::utils;
+
+pub struct FrameBufferWindow {
+    sim_id: SimId,
+    loader: Arc<VramTextureLoader>,
+    index: usize,
+    left: bool,
+    right: bool,
+    generic_palette: bool,
+    params: VramParams<FrameBufferParams>,
+    scale: f32,
+}
+
+impl FrameBufferWindow {
+    pub fn new(sim_id: SimId, memory: &MemoryClient, vram: &mut VramProcessor) -> Self {
+        let initial_params = FrameBufferParams {
+            index: 0,
+            left: true,
+            right: true,
+            generic_palette: false,
+            left_color: Color32::from_rgb(0xff, 0x00, 0x00),
+            right_color: Color32::from_rgb(0x00, 0xc6, 0xf0),
+        };
+        let renderer = FrameBufferRenderer::new(sim_id, memory);
+        let ([buffer], params) = vram.add(renderer, initial_params);
+        let loader = VramTextureLoader::new([("vram://buffer".into(), buffer)]);
+        Self {
+            sim_id,
+            loader: Arc::new(loader),
+            index: params.index,
+            left: params.left,
+            right: params.right,
+            generic_palette: params.generic_palette,
+            params,
+            scale: 2.0,
+        }
+    }
+
+    fn show_form(&mut self, ui: &mut Ui) {
+        let row_height = ui.spacing().interact_size.y;
+        ui.vertical(|ui| {
+            TableBuilder::new(ui)
+                .column(Column::auto())
+                .column(Column::remainder())
+                .body(|mut body| {
+                    body.row(row_height, |mut row| {
+                        row.col(|ui| {
+                            ui.label("Index");
+                        });
+                        row.col(|ui| {
+                            ui.add(NumberEdit::new(&mut self.index).range(0..2));
+                        });
+                    });
+                    body.row(row_height, |mut row| {
+                        row.col(|ui| {
+                            ui.label("Left");
+                        });
+                        row.col(|ui| {
+                            let address = self.index * 0x00008000;
+                            let mut address_str = format!("{address:08x}");
+                            ui.add_enabled(
+                                false,
+                                TextEdit::singleline(&mut address_str).horizontal_align(Align::Max),
+                            );
+                        });
+                    });
+                    body.row(row_height, |mut row| {
+                        row.col(|ui| {
+                            ui.label("Right");
+                        });
+                        row.col(|ui| {
+                            let address = self.index * 0x00008000 + 0x00010000;
+                            let mut address_str = format!("{address:08x}");
+                            ui.add_enabled(
+                                false,
+                                TextEdit::singleline(&mut address_str).horizontal_align(Align::Max),
+                            );
+                        });
+                    });
+                });
+            ui.section("Display", |ui| {
+                ui.horizontal(|ui| {
+                    ui.label("Scale");
+                    ui.spacing_mut().slider_width = ui.available_width();
+                    let slider = Slider::new(&mut self.scale, 1.0..=10.0)
+                        .step_by(1.0)
+                        .show_value(false);
+                    ui.add(slider);
+                });
+                TableBuilder::new(ui)
+                    .columns(Column::remainder(), 2)
+                    .body(|mut body| {
+                        body.row(row_height, |mut row| {
+                            row.col(|ui| {
+                                ui.checkbox(&mut self.left, "Left");
+                            });
+                            row.col(|ui| {
+                                ui.checkbox(&mut self.right, "Right");
+                            });
+                        });
+                    });
+                ui.checkbox(&mut self.generic_palette, "Generic colors");
+            });
+        });
+
+        self.params.write(FrameBufferParams {
+            index: self.index,
+            left: self.left,
+            right: self.right,
+            generic_palette: self.generic_palette,
+            ..*self.params
+        });
+    }
+
+    fn show_buffers(&mut self, ui: &mut Ui) {
+        let image = Image::new("vram://buffer")
+            .fit_to_original_size(self.scale)
+            .texture_options(TextureOptions::NEAREST);
+        ui.add(image);
+    }
+}
+
+impl AppWindow for FrameBufferWindow {
+    fn viewport_id(&self) -> ViewportId {
+        ViewportId::from_hash_of(format!("framebuffer-{}", self.sim_id))
+    }
+
+    fn sim_id(&self) -> SimId {
+        self.sim_id
+    }
+
+    fn initial_viewport(&self) -> ViewportBuilder {
+        ViewportBuilder::default()
+            .with_title(format!("Frame Buffers ({})", self.sim_id))
+            .with_inner_size((640.0, 480.0))
+    }
+
+    fn on_init(&mut self, ctx: &Context, _render_state: &egui_wgpu::RenderState) {
+        ctx.add_texture_loader(self.loader.clone());
+    }
+
+    fn show(&mut self, ctx: &Context) {
+        CentralPanel::default().show(ctx, |ui| {
+            ui.horizontal_top(|ui| {
+                StripBuilder::new(ui)
+                    .size(Size::relative(0.3))
+                    .size(Size::remainder())
+                    .horizontal(|mut strip| {
+                        strip.cell(|ui| {
+                            ScrollArea::vertical().show(ui, |ui| self.show_form(ui));
+                        });
+                        strip.cell(|ui| {
+                            ScrollArea::both().show(ui, |ui| self.show_buffers(ui));
+                        });
+                    });
+            });
+        });
+    }
+}
+
+#[derive(Clone, PartialEq, Eq)]
+struct FrameBufferParams {
+    index: usize,
+    left: bool,
+    right: bool,
+    generic_palette: bool,
+    left_color: Color32,
+    right_color: Color32,
+}
+
+struct FrameBufferRenderer {
+    buffers: [MemoryView; 4],
+    brightness: MemoryView,
+}
+
+impl FrameBufferRenderer {
+    fn new(sim_id: SimId, memory: &MemoryClient) -> Self {
+        Self {
+            buffers: [
+                memory.watch(sim_id, 0x00000000, 0x6000),
+                memory.watch(sim_id, 0x00008000, 0x6000),
+                memory.watch(sim_id, 0x00010000, 0x6000),
+                memory.watch(sim_id, 0x00018000, 0x6000),
+            ],
+            brightness: memory.watch(sim_id, 0x0005f824, 8),
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+impl VramRenderer<1> for FrameBufferRenderer {
+    type Params = FrameBufferParams;
+
+    fn sizes(&self) -> [[usize; 2]; 1] {
+        [[384, 224]]
+    }
+
+    fn render(&mut self, params: &Self::Params, images: &mut [VramImage; 1]) {
+        let image = &mut images[0];
+
+        let left_buffer = self.buffers[params.index * 2].borrow();
+        let right_buffer = self.buffers[params.index * 2 + 1].borrow();
+
+        let colors = if params.generic_palette {
+            [
+                utils::generic_palette(params.left_color),
+                utils::generic_palette(params.right_color),
+            ]
+        } else {
+            let brts = self.brightness.borrow().read::<[u8; 8]>(0);
+            let shades = utils::parse_shades(&brts);
+            [
+                shades.map(|s| utils::shade(s, params.left_color)),
+                shades.map(|s| utils::shade(s, params.right_color)),
+            ]
+        };
+
+        let left_cols = left_buffer.range::<u8>(0, 0x6000);
+        let right_cols = right_buffer.range::<u8>(0, 0x6000);
+        for (index, (left, right)) in left_cols.zip(right_cols).enumerate() {
+            let top = (index % 64) * 4;
+            if top >= 224 {
+                continue;
+            }
+
+            let pixels = [0, 2, 4, 6].map(|i| {
+                let left = if params.left {
+                    colors[0][(left >> i) as usize & 0x3]
+                } else {
+                    Color32::BLACK
+                };
+                let right = if params.right {
+                    colors[1][(right >> i) as usize & 0x3]
+                } else {
+                    Color32::BLACK
+                };
+                Color32::from_rgb(
+                    left.r() + right.r(),
+                    left.g() + right.g(),
+                    left.b() + right.b(),
+                )
+            });
+            let x = index / 64;
+            for (i, pixel) in pixels.into_iter().enumerate() {
+                let y = top + i;
+                image.write((x, y), pixel);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}

src/window/vram/world.rs

@@ -5,8 +5,12 @@ use egui::{
     TextureOptions, Ui, ViewportBuilder, ViewportId,
 };
 use egui_extras::{Column, Size, StripBuilder, TableBuilder};
+use fixed::{
+    types::extra::{U3, U9},
+    FixedI32,
+};
 use num_derive::{FromPrimitive, ToPrimitive};
-use num_traits::FromPrimitive;
+use num_traits::{FromPrimitive, ToPrimitive};
 
 use crate::{
     emulator::SimId,
@@ -23,6 +27,7 @@ use super::utils::{self, shade, CellData, Object};
 pub struct WorldWindow {
     sim_id: SimId,
     loader: Arc<VramTextureLoader>,
+    memory: Arc<MemoryClient>,
     worlds: MemoryView,
     bgmaps: MemoryView,
     index: usize,
@@ -33,7 +38,7 @@ pub struct WorldWindow {
 }
 
 impl WorldWindow {
-    pub fn new(sim_id: SimId, memory: &MemoryClient, vram: &mut VramProcessor) -> Self {
+    pub fn new(sim_id: SimId, memory: &Arc<MemoryClient>, vram: &mut VramProcessor) -> Self {
         let initial_params = WorldParams {
             index: 31,
             generic_palette: false,
@@ -46,7 +51,8 @@ impl WorldWindow {
         Self {
             sim_id,
             loader: Arc::new(loader),
-            worlds: memory.watch(sim_id, 0x3d800, 0x400),
+            memory: memory.clone(),
+            worlds: memory.watch(sim_id, 0x0003d800, 0x400),
             bgmaps: memory.watch(sim_id, 0x00020000, 0x20000),
             index: params.index,
             param_index: 0,
@@ -76,7 +82,7 @@ impl WorldWindow {
                             ui.label("Address");
                         });
                         row.col(|ui| {
-                            let address = 0x3d800 + self.index * 32;
+                            let address = 0x0003d800 + self.index * 32;
                             let mut address_str = format!("{address:08x}");
                             ui.add_enabled(
                                 false,
@@ -85,7 +91,7 @@ impl WorldWindow {
                         });
                     });
                 });
-            let data = {
+            let mut data = {
                 let worlds = self.worlds.borrow();
                 worlds.read(self.index)
             };
@@ -266,6 +272,10 @@ impl WorldWindow {
                         });
                     });
             });
+            if world.update(&mut data) {
+                let address = 0x0003d800 + self.index * 32;
+                self.memory.write(self.sim_id, address as u32, &data);
+            }
             if world.header.mode == WorldMode::HBias {
                 ui.section("H-bias", |ui| {
                     TableBuilder::new(ui)
@@ -277,10 +287,11 @@ impl WorldWindow {
                                     ui.label("Index");
                                 });
                                 row.col(|ui| {
-                                    ui.add(NumberEdit::new(&mut self.param_index).range(0..32));
+                                    let max = world.height.max(8) as usize;
+                                    ui.add(NumberEdit::new(&mut self.param_index).range(0..max));
                                 });
                             });
-                            let base = world.param_base + self.param_index * 2;
+                            let base = (world.param_base + self.param_index * 2) & 0x1ffff;
                             let mut param = HBiasParam::load(&self.bgmaps.borrow(), base);
                             body.row(row_height, |mut row| {
                                 row.col(|ui| {
@@ -312,6 +323,81 @@ impl WorldWindow {
                                     ui.add(NumberEdit::new(&mut param.right).range(-4096..4096));
                                 });
                             });
+                            param.save(&self.memory, self.sim_id, base);
+                        });
+                });
+            } else if world.header.mode == WorldMode::Affine {
+                ui.section("Affine", |ui| {
+                    TableBuilder::new(ui)
+                        .column(Column::remainder())
+                        .column(Column::remainder())
+                        .body(|mut body| {
+                            body.row(row_height, |mut row| {
+                                row.col(|ui| {
+                                    ui.label("Index");
+                                });
+                                row.col(|ui| {
+                                    let max = world.height.max(1) as usize;
+                                    ui.add(NumberEdit::new(&mut self.param_index).range(0..max));
+                                });
+                            });
+                            let base = (world.param_base + self.param_index * 8) & 0x1ffff;
+                            let mut param = AffineParam::load(&self.bgmaps.borrow(), base);
+                            body.row(row_height, |mut row| {
+                                row.col(|ui| {
+                                    ui.label("Address");
+                                });
+                                row.col(|ui| {
+                                    let address = 0x00020000 + base * 2;
+                                    let mut address_str = format!("{address:08x}");
+                                    ui.add_enabled(
+                                        false,
+                                        TextEdit::singleline(&mut address_str)
+                                            .horizontal_align(Align::Max),
+                                    );
+                                });
+                            });
+                            body.row(row_height, |mut row| {
+                                row.col(|ui| {
+                                    ui.label("Src X");
+                                });
+                                row.col(|ui| {
+                                    ui.add(NumberEdit::new(&mut param.src_x).precision(3));
+                                });
+                            });
+                            body.row(row_height, |mut row| {
+                                row.col(|ui| {
+                                    ui.label("Src Y");
+                                });
+                                row.col(|ui| {
+                                    ui.add(NumberEdit::new(&mut param.src_y).precision(3));
+                                });
+                            });
+                            body.row(row_height, |mut row| {
+                                row.col(|ui| {
+                                    ui.label("Src parallax");
+                                });
+                                row.col(|ui| {
+                                    ui.add(NumberEdit::new(&mut param.src_parallax));
+                                });
+                            });
+                            body.row(row_height, |mut row| {
+                                row.col(|ui| {
+                                    ui.label("Delta X");
+                                });
+                                row.col(|ui| {
+                                    ui.add(NumberEdit::new(&mut param.dx).precision(9));
+                                });
+                            });
+                            body.row(row_height, |mut row| {
+                                row.col(|ui| {
+                                    ui.label("Delta Y");
+                                });
+                                row.col(|ui| {
+                                    ui.add(NumberEdit::new(&mut param.dy).precision(9));
+                                });
+                            });
+                            param.save(&self.memory, self.sim_id, base);
                         });
                 });
             } else {
@@ -521,6 +607,12 @@ impl WorldRenderer {
     fn render_world(&mut self, world: World, params: &WorldParams, image: &mut VramImage) {
         image.clear();
 
+        let width = if world.header.mode == WorldMode::Affine {
+            world.width & 0x03ff
+        } else {
+            world.width
+        };
+
         let height = if world.header.mode == WorldMode::Affine {
             world.height.max(8)
         } else {
@@ -528,7 +620,7 @@ impl WorldRenderer {
         };
 
         let dx1 = world.dst_x;
-        let dx2 = dx1 + world.width;
+        let dx2 = dx1 + width;
         if dx1 - world.dst_parallax > 384 || dx2 + world.dst_parallax < 0 {
             return;
         }
@@ -564,7 +656,7 @@ impl WorldRenderer {
                 continue;
             }
 
-            for x in 0..world.width {
+            for x in 0..width {
                 let dx = x + world.dst_x - world.dst_parallax;
                 if world.header.lon && (0..384).contains(&dx) {
                     let (sx, sy) = source.left(x, y);
@@ -661,6 +753,52 @@ impl World {
         }
     }
 
+    fn update(&self, source: &mut [u16; 16]) -> bool {
+        let mut changed = self.header.update(&mut source[0]);
+
+        let new_dst_x = (self.dst_x as u16 & 0x03ff) | (source[1] & 0xfc00);
+        changed |= source[1] != new_dst_x;
+        source[1] = new_dst_x;
+
+        let new_dst_parallax = (self.dst_parallax as u16 & 0x03ff) | (source[2] & 0xfc00);
+        changed |= source[2] != new_dst_parallax;
+        source[2] = new_dst_parallax;
+
+        let new_dst_y = self.dst_y as u16;
+        changed |= source[3] != new_dst_y;
+        source[3] = new_dst_y;
+
+        let new_src_x = (self.src_x as u16 & 0x1fff) | (source[4] & 0xe000);
+        changed |= source[4] != new_src_x;
+        source[4] = new_src_x;
+
+        let new_src_parallax = (self.src_parallax as u16 & 0x7fff) | (source[4] & 0x8000);
+        changed |= source[5] != new_src_parallax;
+        source[5] = new_src_parallax;
+
+        let new_src_y = (self.src_y as u16 & 0x1fff) | (source[6] & 0xe000);
+        changed |= source[6] != new_src_y;
+        source[6] = new_src_y;
+
+        let new_width = ((self.width - 1) as u16 & 0x1fff) | (source[7] & 0xe000);
+        changed |= source[7] != new_width;
+        source[7] = new_width;
+
+        let new_height = (self.height - 1) as u16;
+        changed |= source[8] != new_height;
+        source[8] = new_height;
+
+        let new_param_base = self.param_base as u16;
+        changed |= source[9] != new_param_base;
+        source[9] = new_param_base;
+
+        let new_overplane = self.overplane as u16;
+        changed |= source[10] != new_overplane;
+        source[10] = new_overplane;
+
+        changed
+    }
+
     fn source_cell(&self, sx: i16, sy: i16) -> usize {
         if self.header.over {
             let bg_width = 1 << self.header.scx << 9;
@@ -716,6 +854,21 @@ impl WorldHeader {
             base,
         }
     }
+
+    fn update(&self, source: &mut u16) -> bool {
+        let new_value = (*source & 0x0030)
+            | if self.lon { 0x8000 } else { 0x0000 }
+            | if self.ron { 0x4000 } else { 0x0000 }
+            | self.mode.to_u16().unwrap() << 12
+            | ((self.scx as u16) << 10)
+            | ((self.scy as u16) << 8)
+            | if self.over { 0x0080 } else { 0x0000 }
+            | if self.end { 0x0040 } else { 0x0000 }
+            | (self.base as u16 & 0x000f);
+        let changed = *source != new_value;
+        *source = new_value;
+        changed
+    }
 }
 
 #[derive(Clone, Copy, PartialEq, Eq, FromPrimitive, ToPrimitive)]
@@ -812,14 +965,19 @@ impl<'a> SourceCoordCalculator<'a> {
     fn left(&mut self, x: i16, y: i16) -> (i16, i16) {
         self.update_param(y);
         match &self.param {
+            SourceParam::Normal => {
+                let sx = x + self.world.src_x - self.world.src_parallax;
+                let sy = y + self.world.src_y;
+                (sx, sy)
+            }
             SourceParam::HBias(HBiasParam { left, .. }) => {
                 let sx = x + self.world.src_x - self.world.src_parallax + *left;
                 let sy = y + self.world.src_y;
                 (sx, sy)
             }
-            SourceParam::Normal => {
+            SourceParam::Affine(affine) => {
-                let sx = x + self.world.src_x - self.world.src_parallax;
+                let sx = affine_coord(affine.src_x, x, affine.dx, affine.src_parallax.min(0).abs());
-                let sy = y + self.world.src_y;
+                let sy = affine_coord(affine.src_y, x, affine.dy, affine.src_parallax.min(0).abs());
                 (sx, sy)
             }
         }
@@ -828,14 +986,19 @@ impl<'a> SourceCoordCalculator<'a> {
     fn right(&mut self, x: i16, y: i16) -> (i16, i16) {
         self.update_param(y);
         match &self.param {
+            SourceParam::Normal => {
+                let sx = x + self.world.src_x + self.world.src_parallax;
+                let sy = y + self.world.src_y;
+                (sx, sy)
+            }
             SourceParam::HBias(HBiasParam { right, .. }) => {
                 let sx = x + self.world.src_x + self.world.src_parallax + *right;
                 let sy = y + self.world.src_y;
                 (sx, sy)
             }
-            SourceParam::Normal => {
+            SourceParam::Affine(affine) => {
-                let sx = x + self.world.src_x + self.world.src_parallax;
+                let sx = affine_coord(affine.src_x, x, affine.dx, -affine.src_parallax.max(0));
-                let sy = y + self.world.src_y;
+                let sy = affine_coord(affine.src_y, x, affine.dy, -affine.src_parallax.max(0));
                 (sx, sy)
             }
         }
@@ -849,6 +1012,10 @@ impl<'a> SourceCoordCalculator<'a> {
             let base = self.world.param_base + (2 * y as usize);
             self.param = SourceParam::HBias(HBiasParam::load(self.params, base));
         }
+        if self.world.header.mode == WorldMode::Affine {
+            let base = self.world.param_base + (8 * y as usize);
+            self.param = SourceParam::Affine(AffineParam::load(self.params, base));
+        }
         self.y = y;
     }
 }
@@ -856,17 +1023,110 @@ impl<'a> SourceCoordCalculator<'a> {
 enum SourceParam {
     Normal,
     HBias(HBiasParam),
+    Affine(AffineParam),
 }
 
 struct HBiasParam {
     left: i16,
     right: i16,
+    data: [u16; 2],
 }
 
 impl HBiasParam {
     fn load(params: &MemoryRef, index: usize) -> Self {
-        let left = params.read::<i16>(index) << 3 >> 3;
+        let data = [params.read::<u16>(index), params.read::<u16>(index | 1)];
-        let right = params.read::<i16>(index | 1) << 3 >> 3;
+        let left = (data[0] as i16) << 3 >> 3;
-        Self { left, right }
+        let right = (data[1] as i16) << 3 >> 3;
+        Self { left, right, data }
+    }
+
+    fn save(&self, memory: &MemoryClient, sim: SimId, index: usize) {
+        let new_left = (self.left as u16 & 0x1fff) | (self.data[0] & 0xe000);
+        if new_left != self.data[0] {
+            let address = 0x00020000 + (index * 2);
+            memory.write(sim, address as u32, &new_left);
+        }
+
+        let new_right = (self.right as u16 & 0x1fff) | (self.data[1] & 0xe000);
+        if new_right != self.data[1] {
+            let address = 0x00020000 + ((index | 1) * 2);
+            memory.write(sim, address as u32, &new_right);
+        }
     }
 }
+
+struct AffineParam {
+    src_x: FixedI32<U3>,
+    src_parallax: i16,
+    src_y: FixedI32<U3>,
+    dx: FixedI32<U9>,
+    dy: FixedI32<U9>,
+    data: [u16; 5],
+}
+
+impl AffineParam {
+    fn load(params: &MemoryRef, index: usize) -> Self {
+        let data = [
+            params.read(index & 0xffff),
+            params.read((index + 1) & 0xffff),
+            params.read((index + 2) & 0xffff),
+            params.read((index + 3) & 0xffff),
+            params.read((index + 4) & 0xffff),
+        ];
+
+        let src_x = FixedI32::from_bits(data[0] as i16 as i32);
+        let src_parallax = data[1] as i16;
+        let src_y = FixedI32::from_bits(data[2] as i16 as i32);
+        let dx = FixedI32::from_bits(data[3] as i16 as i32);
+        let dy = FixedI32::from_bits(data[4] as i16 as i32);
+
+        AffineParam {
+            src_x,
+            src_parallax,
+            src_y,
+            dx,
+            dy,
+            data,
+        }
+    }
+
+    fn save(&self, memory: &MemoryClient, sim: SimId, index: usize) {
+        let new_src_x = self.src_x.to_bits() as u16;
+        if new_src_x != self.data[0] {
+            let address = 0x00020000 + 2 * (index & 0xffff);
+            memory.write(sim, address as u32, &new_src_x);
+        }
+
+        let new_src_parallax = self.src_parallax as u16;
+        if new_src_parallax != self.data[1] {
+            let address = 0x00020000 + 2 * ((index + 1) & 0xffff);
+            memory.write(sim, address as u32, &new_src_parallax);
+        }
+
+        let new_src_y = self.src_y.to_bits() as u16;
+        if new_src_y != self.data[2] {
+            let address = 0x00020000 + 2 * ((index + 2) & 0xffff);
+            memory.write(sim, address as u32, &new_src_y);
+        }
+
+        let new_dx = self.dx.to_bits() as u16;
+        if new_dx != self.data[3] {
+            let address = 0x00020000 + 2 * ((index + 3) & 0xffff);
+            memory.write(sim, address as u32, &new_dx);
+        }
+
+        let new_dy = self.dy.to_bits() as u16;
+        if new_dy != self.data[4] {
+            let address = 0x00020000 + 2 * ((index + 4) & 0xffff);
+            memory.write(sim, address as u32, &new_dy);
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+fn affine_coord(start: FixedI32<U3>, distance: i16, delta: FixedI32<U9>, parallax: i16) -> i16 {
+    let start = FixedI32::<U9>::from_num(start);
+    let distance = FixedI32::<U9>::from_num(distance);
+    let parallax = FixedI32::<U9>::from_num(parallax);
+    let coord = start + ((distance + parallax) * delta);
+    coord.to_num::<i32>() as i16
+}